Russia under Vladimir Putin

Uncommon card · No. 137954

Since 1999, Vladimir Putin has continuously served as either president (acting president from 1999 to 2000; two terms 2000–2008, three terms 2012–present) or Prime Minister of Russia (three months in 1999, full term 2008–2012). Putin has been described as the de facto leader of Russia since 1999. During his presidency, he has been a member of the Unity party and the United Russia party. He is also affiliated with the People's Front, a group of supporters that Putin organized in 2011 to help improve the public's perception of United Russia. His political ideology, priorities and policies are sometimes referred to as Putinism. After economic reforms and a fivefold increase in the price of oil and gas, the Russian economy recovered from its deep 1990s recession to eventually surpass its 1989 GDP per capita in 2007, growing by an average of seven percent annually. However, lower oil prices and sanctions in response to Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea led to enduring stagnation. Putin has...

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