Rhineland massacres

Uncommon card · No. 127129

The Rhineland massacres, also known as the German Crusade of 1096 (Hebrew: גזרות תתנ״ו, romanized: Gezērot-Tatnu, lit. 'Edicts of 4856'), were a series of mass murders of Jews in the Rhineland (part of the Holy Roman Empire) which took place in 1096, which is the year 4856 in the Hebrew calendar, which is abbreviated in Hebrew as Hebrew: גזרות תתנ״ו, romanized: taṯnu They were perpetrated by mobs of Catholic Christian French and German peasants during the People's Crusade. Prominent leaders of crusaders involved in the massacres included Peter the Hermit and, especially, Count Emicho. Part of this murderous violence, namely the destruction of Jewish communities in Speyer, Worms and Mainz, was recorded as the Destruction of the SHUM (Hebrew: חורבן שו״ם, romanized: Ḥurban Shum), Shum being the abbreviation of the names of these three cities in Old French. Many historians have referred to the violence as pogroms.

Read on Wikipedia · Image Auguste Migette, 1802-1884, Public domain