Climatology

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Climatology (from Greek κλίμα, klima, "slope"; and -λογία, -logia) or climate science is the scientific study of Earth's climate; an assumed background probability distribution for weather outcomes in the real-world. Often this is defined as the distribution of weather conditions over a period of at least 30 years. Climate concerns the expected distribution of atmospheric condition, over a long period of time assuming stationarity, whilst weather is the experienced outcome over a short period of time. The main topics of research are the study of climate variability, mechanisms of climate changes and modern climate change. This topic of study is regarded as part of the atmospheric sciences and a subdivision of physical geography, which is one of the Earth sciences. Climatology includes some aspects of oceanography and biogeochemistry. The main methods employed by climatologists are the analysis of observations and modelling of the physical processes that determine climate. Short term weather...

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