Uncommon
Fetal viability
Ability of a fetus to survive outside the uterus
Fetal viability
Fetal viability is the ability of a fetus to survive outside the uterus. Viability depends upon factors such as gestational age, birth weight, sex, genetics, perinatal circumstances, and the availability of advanced medical care. There is no single gestational-age threshold that defines viability in all clinical settings. In modern, high-resource settings, medical viability is generally considered to be between 23 and 24 weeks' gestational age, meaning that these newborns have a <50% chance of either dying or surviving with severe impairment if active care is instituted; this applies to most fetuses at ≥24 weeks of gestation, and to some fetuses at 23 weeks' gestation with favourable risk factors. Globally, among extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks’ gestational age) born between 2000 and 2024, approximately 61% survived to hospital discharge, with lower survival rates in low-income countries (32%) than in high-income countries (69%). The term also has ethical and legal significance. In...
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