Gasoline direct injection

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Gasoline direct injection (GDI), also known as petrol direct injection (PDI), is a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines that run on gasoline. It injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber, unlike manifold injection systems, which inject fuel into the intake manifold so that it mixes with the incoming airstream before reaching the combustion chamber. Use of GDI can improve engine efficiency and specific power output, and can also reduce exhaust emissions from vehicles. The first production engine to use GDI was the Swedish Hesselman engine, a low-compression multi-fuel spark-ignition design that was more efficient than traditional carbureted engines. It could also run on diesel, kerosene, ethanol and tar oil. Because gasoline was more expensive than less-refined fuels, it was usually only used for starting; once running, the engine was switched to a cheaper fuel. Introduced in 1925, the Hesselman engine was used by truck and heavy equipment manufacturers in Sweden...

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