Common
Normal matrix
Matrix that commutes with its conjugate transpose
Normal matrix
In mathematics, a complex square matrix A is normal if it commutes with its conjugate transpose A*: A normal ⟺ A ∗ A = A A ∗ . {\displaystyle A{\text{ normal}}\iff A^{*}A=AA^{*}.} The concept of normal matrices can be extended to normal operators on infinite-dimensional normed spaces and to normal elements in C*-algebras. As in the matrix case, normality means commutativity is preserved, to the extent possible, in the noncommutative setting. This makes normal operators, and normal elements of C*-algebras, more amenable to analysis. The spectral theorem states that a matrix is normal if and only if it is unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix; implying in particular that any matrix A satisfying the equation A*A = AA* is diagonalizable....
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