Iran–Iraq relations

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The two sovereign states of Iran and Iraq maintain diplomatic and foreign relations. Both states have history that extends for millennia into the past. Iran and Iraq share a long border (the longest border for both nations) and an ancient cultural and religious heritage. In antiquity, Iraq was at times ruled by empires of Iranian origin, including the Achaemenids, Parthians, Sasanians, Buyids and Safavids; however, Persian populations in Iraq were limited, and imperial rule did not involve large-scale population replacement. Modern relations between the two nations turned increasingly negative following the 14 July Revolution in Iraq in 1958, and subsequent overthrow of the Hashemite Monarchy which resulted in the country withdrawing from the Baghdad Pact. The Ba'ath Party gained power in Iraq in the 1960s, taking a more aggressive stance on border disputes. In the aftermath of the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Saddam Hussein launched an invasion of Iran over border disputes and a desire...

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