Lithium–sulfur battery

Common card · No. 438042

The lithium–sulfur battery (Li–S battery) is a type of rechargeable battery. It is notable for its high specific energy. The low atomic weight of lithium and moderate atomic weight of sulfur means that Li–S batteries are relatively light (about the density of water). Lithium–sulfur batteries could displace lithium-ion cells because of their higher energy density and lower cost. The use of metallic lithium instead of intercalating lithium ions allows for much higher energy density, as less substances are needed to hold "lithium" and lithium is directly oxidized. Li–S batteries have a high theoretical specific energy (≈2600 Wh/kg for the Li/S redox chemistry), but practical cell-level specific energies in pouch-cell formats are typically ~300–450 Wh/kg today; values above ~400 Wh/kg generally require high sulfur loading, lean-electrolyte operation, and limited excess lithium. Li–S batteries with up to 1,500 charge and discharge cycles were demonstrated in 2017, but cycle life tests at commercial...

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