Russia–NATO relations

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Relations between the NATO military alliance and the Russian Federation were established in 1991 within the framework of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council. Russia–NATO co-operation grew during the 1990s and early 2000s. Russia joined the Partnership for Peace program in 1994. The NATO–Russia Founding Act was signed in 1997, creating the NATO–Russia Permanent Joint Council (PJC) through which they consulted each other and worked together on security issues. This was replaced in 2002 by the NATO–Russia Council. During this period, there were suggestions of Russia becoming a NATO member. However, relations have become hostile, largely due to Russia's attacks on Ukraine since 2014. Relations took a downturn during the 2nd term of Russian president Vladimir Putin, following the 2005 Orange Revolution in Ukraine. In his 2007 Munich speech, Putin condemned the eastward enlargement of NATO, and in 2008 Russia invaded Georgia. Relations worsened in 2014, when Russia annexed Crimea and invaded...

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