Indian Civil Service
Civil service of the British Raj (1858–1947)
Civil service of the British Raj (1858–1947)
The Indian Civil Service (abbreviated as ICS, officially known as the Imperial Civil Service) was the higher civil service of the British Raj in the period between 1858 and 1947. Its members administered more than 300 million people in the presidencies and provinces of British India and were ultimately responsible for overseeing all government activity in the 250 districts of India. They were appointed under Section XXXII(32) of the Government of India Act 1858, enacted by the British Parliament. The ICS was headed by the Secretary of State for India, a member of the British Cabinet. At first, almost all the top thousand members of the ICS, known as "Civilians", were British and had been educated in the best British schools. At the time of the partition of India in 1947, the outgoing Government of India's ICS was divided between India and Pakistan. Although these are now organised differently, the contemporary Civil Services of India, the Central Superior Services of Pakistan, Bangladesh...
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