Indigenous peoples in Canada

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In Canada, Indigenous peoples (also known as Aboriginal Canadians) represent roughly 5% of the overall population. They comprise the Inuit, Métis, and First Nations, of which there are over 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands with distinctive cultures, languages, music and arts. Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are some of the earliest known sites of human habitation in Canada. The characteristics of Indigenous cultures in Canada prior to European colonization included permanent settlements, possibly agriculture, civic and ceremonial architecture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. Métis nations of mixed ancestry originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations and Inuit married Europeans, primarily French settlers. First Nations and Métis peoples played a critical part in the development of European colonies in Canada, particularly for their role in assisting Europeans during the North American fur trade. Various Aboriginal laws, treaties, and legislation...

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