Ghazan
Ruler of the Mongol Ilkhanate from 1295 to 1304
Ghazan
Mahmud Ghazan (also Ghazan Khan, sometimes westernized as Casanus; 5 November 1271 – 11 May 1304) was the seventh ruler of the Ilkhanate from 1295 to 1304, the division of the Mongol Empire based in modern-day Iran. He was the son of Arghun, grandson of Abaqa Khan and great-grandson of Hulegu Khan, continuing a long line of rulers who were direct descendants of Genghis Khan. Considered the most prominent of the Ilkhans, he is perhaps best known for converting to Islam in 1295 upon taking the throne, marking a turning point for the dominant religion of the Mongols in West Asia. Military conflicts during Ghazan's reign included a campaign in the Levant against the Mamluk Sultanate, successfully taking Damascus on 30 December 1299, and battles with the Turko-Mongol Chagatai Khanate. Ghazan, a contemporary of Philip the Fair, also pursued diplomatic contacts with Europe, continuing his father's unsuccessful attempts at forming a Franco-Mongol alliance. A man of high culture, Ghazan spoke multiple...
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