First Persian invasion of Greece
492–490 BC phase of the Greco-Persian Wars
First Persian invasion of Greece
The first Persian invasion of Greece took place from 492 BC to 490 BC, as part of the Greco-Persian Wars. Although the Achaemenid empire were defeated by the Athenian at the Battle of Marathon, they emerged victorious in most of their battles against the Greeks and achieved the majority of their objectives. Consisting of two distinct campaigns, the invasion of the independent Greek city-states was ordered by the Persian king Darius the Great, who sought to punish Athens and Eretria after they had supported the earlier Ionian Revolt. Additionally, Darius also saw the subjugation of Greece as an opportunity to expand into Southeast Europe and thereby ensure the security of the Achaemenid Empire's western frontier. The first campaign, in 492 BC, was led by the Persian commander Mardonius, who re-subjugated Thrace and forced Macedon to become a fully subordinate client kingdom within the Achaemenid Empire; it had been a Persian vassal as early as the late 6th century BC—probably in 512 BC....
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