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Annus mirabilis papers

Published papers of Albert Einstein in 1905

Annus mirabilis papers

Uncommon card · No. 131280

The annus mirabilis papers (from Latin: annus mirabilis, lit. 'miraculous year') are four papers that Albert Einstein published in the scientific journal Annalen der Physik (Annals of Physics) in 1905. As major contributions to the foundation of modern physics, these scientific publications were the ones for which he gained fame among physicists. They revolutionized science's understanding of the fundamental concepts of space, time, mass, and energy. The first paper explained the photoelectric effect, which established the energy of the light quanta E = h f {\displaystyle E=hf} , and was the only specific discovery mentioned in the citation awarding Einstein the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics. The second paper explained Brownian motion, which established the Einstein relation D = μ k B T {...

Read on Wikipedia · Image Lucien Chavan [1] (1868 - 1942), a friend of Einstein's when he was living in Berne., Public domain

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