Methylphenidate

Epic card · No. 7816

Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin and Concerta, among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It may be taken by mouth or applied to the skin, and different formulations have varying durations of effect. For ADHD, the effectiveness of methylphenidate is comparable to atomoxetine but modestly lower than amphetamine. However, methylphenidate is preferred as a first-line treatment in children, while amphetamine is preferred in adults. Methylphenidate reduces core ADHD symptoms and may do so in part by enhancing executive functions, such as working memory, sustained attention, and inhibitory control. At therapeutic doses, methylphenidate increases alertness and concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsive behavior in people with ADHD. Common side effects include loss of appetite, weight loss, trouble sleeping, and small increases in heart rate and blood pressure. Long...

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