Turkistan Islamic Party

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The Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP) is an Islamic militant organisation founded in Pakistan by Hasan Mahsum, who relocated the organization to Afghanistan following anti-terror crackdowns by the Pakistani government. Its stated goal is to establish an Islamic state in Xinjiang, China (i.e. East Turkestan), and throughout the rest of Central Asia. The Chinese government asserts that the TIP is synonymous with the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM). ETIM has been described by scholars as demanding the total independence of Xinjiang and supporting or being indifferent to more radical methods driven by religious and ethnic motives. Influenced by the success of the Afghan mujahideen against the Soviet Union in the Soviet–Afghan War, Mahsum established the ETIP (which changed its name to the TIP in 2001) in September 1997. After the September 11 attacks, the Chinese government strove to include the removal of Uyghur Islamic extremist networks in the international effort against terrorism. The...

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