Extraterritoriality

Uncommon card · No. 158830

Extraterritoriality or exterritoriality is a term of doctrine used in law, particularly international law, to denote the circumstance of either being exempt from "foreign" laws or the application of foreign laws against an entity otherwise outside of its jurisdiction. In the case of the former, it is usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations while the latter concerns notions of hard power. Historically, this primarily applied to individuals, as jurisdiction was usually claimed on peoples rather than on lands. Extraterritoriality can also be partly applied to physical places. For example, such is the immunity granted to diplomatic missions, military bases of foreign countries, or offices of the United Nations. The three most common cases recognized today internationally relate to the persons and belongings of foreign heads of state and government, the persons and belongings of ambassadors and other diplomats, and ships in international waters.

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