Apartheid
South African system of racial segregation
South African system of racial segregation
Apartheid ( ə-PART-(h)yte, especially South African English: ə-PART-(h)ayt, Afrikaans: [aˈpart(ɦ)əit] ; transl. "separateness", lit. 'aparthood') was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. It also existed in South West Africa (now Namibia). It was characterized by an authoritarian political culture based on baasskap (lit. "boss-ship" or "boss-hood"), which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority white population. Under this minoritarian system, white citizens held the highest status, while other groups were classified as Indian/Asian, Coloured and Black African, with differing rights and privileges. Broadly speaking, apartheid was delineated into "petty apartheid", which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social events, and "grand apartheid", which strictly segregated housing and employment opportunities by race. Public facilities were often just divided...
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