Ottoman Iraq

Common card · No. 220251

Ottoman Iraq (Ottoman Turkish: خطهٔ عراقیه, romanized: Hıṭṭa-i ʿIrāqiyye, lit. the Iraq region) was the Ottoman name for the region of Iraq that was under their control. Historians often divide its history into five main periods. The first began with Sultan Süleyman I's conquest in 1534 and ended with the Safavid capture of Baghdad in 1623. The second lasted from the Ottoman reconquest in 1638 to the start of Mamluk self-rule in 1749. The third period, from 1749 to 1831, was marked by the Georgian Mamluk dynasty's semi-autonomous governance. The fourth stretched from the Ottoman removal of the Mamluks in 1831 to 1869, when reformist governor Midhat Pasha took office. The fifth and final phase ran from 1869 until 1917, when British forces occupied Baghdad during the First World War. Administratively, during the first period in the 16th century, Baghdad Eyalet encompassed much of the territory of modern Iraq. In the 17th century, the Ottomans had reorganized Iraq into four eyalets (Baghdad...

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