Haskalah

Uncommon card · No. 81571

The Haskalah (Hebrew: הַשְׂכָּלָה, literally, "wisdom", "erudition" or "education"), often termed the Jewish Enlightenment, was an intellectual movement among the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe, with a certain influence on those in Western Europe and the Muslim world. It arose as a defined ideological worldview during the 1770s, as its proponents (the Maskilim) engaged with the philosophical and scientific ideas of the broader Age of Enlightenment. Its last stage ended at the close of the 19th century, following an increase in antisemitic violence culminating in the 1881 pogroms in Imperial Russia, which caused many adherents of the Haskalah to turn towards proto-Zionist groups like Hibbat Zion as a means to achieve Jewish emancipation. The movement advocated against Jewish parochialism and encouraged the adoption of prevailing attire over traditional dress, while also working to diminish the authority of traditional community institutions such as rabbinic courts and boards of elders...

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