William McIntosh

Common card · No. 392080

William McIntosh (c. 1775 – April 30, 1825), also known as Tustunnuggee Hutke (White Warrior), was one of the most prominent Euro-Indigenous American Chiefs of the Muscogee Creek Nation between the turn of the 19th-century and his execution in 1825. He was a chief of Coweta tribal town and commander of a mounted police force. He became a large-scale planter, built and managed a successful inn, and operated a commercial ferry business. Early European-American historians attributed McIntosh's achievements and influence to his mixed-race (Euro-Indigenous) Scottish and Muscogee ancestry. Since the late 20th century, historians have argued much of McIntosh's political influence stemmed more from his Muscogee upbringing and cultural standing, particularly his mother's prominent Wind Clan in the Muscogee matrilineal system, and to other aspects of Muscogee culture. Because McIntosh led a group that negotiated and signed the Treaty of Indian Springs in February 1825, which ceded much of remaining...

Read on Wikipedia · Image Thomas Loraine McKenney (1785-1859) & James Hall (1793-1868), Public domain