Sagitta (geometry)
Distance from an arc's midpoint to the midpoint of its chord
Sagitta (geometry)
In geometry, the sagitta (sometimes abbreviated as sag, plural is sagittae) of a circular arc is the distance from the midpoint of the arc to the midpoint of its chord. It is used extensively in architecture when calculating the arc necessary to span a certain height and distance and also in optics where it is used to find the depth of a spherical mirror or lens. The name comes directly from Latin sagitta, meaning an "arrow" (with the circular arc representing a bow).
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