American Colonization Society
19th-century organization in the United States
American Colonization Society
The American Colonization Society (ACS), initially the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and facilitate repatriation of freeborn people of color and emancipated slaves to sub-Saharan Africa, particularly the Grain Coast. It was modeled on an earlier British Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor's colonization in sub-Saharan Africa, which had sought to resettle London's black poor. Until the ACS's dissolution in 1964, the society was headquartered in Room 516 of the Colorado Building in Washington, D.C. The American Colonization Society was established in 1816 to address the belief that free people of color could not integrate into U.S. society, and should thus relocate to Africa. The population of such free people had grown steadily following the American Revolutionary War, from 60,000 in 1790 to 300,000 by 1830. Slave owners feared these free Black people might help their slaves...
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