Superoxide dismutase

Common card · No. 305753

Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is any of a family of enzymes that alternately catalyze the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O−2) anion radical into normal molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Superoxide is produced as a by-product of oxygen metabolism and, if not regulated, causes many types of cell damage. Hydrogen peroxide is also damaging and is degraded by other enzymes such as catalase. Thus, SOD is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all living cells exposed to oxygen. One exception is Lactobacillus plantarum and related lactobacilli, which use intracellular manganese to prevent damage from reactive O−2.

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