Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly
Catholic marshal of the Thirty Years' War (1559–1632)
Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly
Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (Dutch: Johan t'Serclaes Graaf van Tilly; German: Johann t'Serclaes Graf von Tilly; French: Jean t'Serclaes, comte de Tilly; February 1559 – 30 April 1632) was a field marshal who commanded the Catholic League's forces in the Thirty Years' War. From 1620 to 1631, he led a number of important imperial victories, including White Mountain, Wimpfen, Höchst, Stadtlohn and the Conquest of the Palatinate. He destroyed a Danish army at Lutter and sacked the Protestant city of Magdeburg, which caused the deaths of some 20,000 of the city's inhabitants, both defenders and non-combatants, out of a total population of 25,000. However, Tilly's army was defeated at Breitenfeld in 1631 by the Swedish army of King Gustavus Adolphus. He then defeated the Swedish army at the Battle of Bamberg before a bullet from a Swedish arquebus mortally wounded him at the Battle of Rain on 15 April 1632, and he died two weeks later in Ingolstadt on 30 April 1632, at the age of 73. Along...
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