Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent

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The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries, as a part of the Indo-Muslim period. Earlier Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent include the invasions which started in the northwestern South Asia (modern-day Pakistan), especially the Umayyad campaigns in India during the 8th century. Mahmud of Ghazni, sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire, invaded vast areas of Punjab and Gujarat during the 11th century. After the capture of Lahore and the end of the Ghaznavids, the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor laid the foundation of Muslim rule in India in 1192. In 1202, Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji led the Muslim conquest of Bengal, marking the easternmost expansion of Islam at the time. The Ghurid Empire soon evolved into the Delhi Sultanate in 1206, ruled by Qutb ud-Din Aibak, the founder of the Mamluk dynasty. With the Delhi Sultanate established, Islam spread across most parts of the Indian subcontinent. In the 14th century, the Khalji dynasty...

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