Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent

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The Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent or the Indo-Muslim period is conventionally said to have started in 640 with the conquest of Makran by the Rashidun Caliphate and was continued in 712–714, after the conquest of Sindh and Multan by the Umayyad Caliphate under the military command of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim. It began in the Indian subcontinent in the course of a gradual conquest. The perfunctory rule by the Ghaznavids in Punjab was followed by Ghurids, and Sultan Muhammad of Ghor (r. 1173–1206) is generally credited with laying the foundation of Muslim rule in northern India. Muslim rule in the Indian subcontinent also led to major developments in architecture, including the introduction of Persianate designs, arches, domes, and decorative calligraphy. These styles shaped many of the region's most iconic structures and contributed to the formation of Indo-Islamic architecture. From the late 12th century onwards, Muslim empires dominated the subcontinent, most notably the Delhi Sultanate...

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