Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Disorders of the muscles and joints connecting the jaw to the skull
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is a spectrum of disorders relating to pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull). The major common presenting symptoms are pain, alterations in the range of mandibular movement, and/or noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during function. Although TMD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life, especially in the form of chronic pain. In this article, the term temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is taken to mean any disorder that affects the temporomandibular joint or masticatory muscles, and temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD), but sometimes TMJD is taken to mean dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. However, there is no single, globally accepted term or definition concerning this topic. TMDs have a range of causes and often co-occur with a number of overlapping medical conditions...
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