Tokamak

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A tokamak (; Russian: токамáк) is a machine which uses a powerful magnetic field generated by external magnets to confine plasma in the shape of an axially-symmetric torus. The tokamak is the leading candidate of magnetic confinement fusion designs being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power. Tokamaks use a combination of a central solenoid and toroidal and poloidal magnets to shape a ring of plasma. This is heated by a range of methods, including neutral-beam injection, electron and ion cyclotron resonance, and lower hybrid resonance. Nuclear fusion may be achieved, measured by neutron detectors. Due to requiring a continuously changing magnetic field, modern tokamaks sustain "plasma discharges" on the timescales of seconds or minutes. The world's largest operational tokamak by radius and plasma current is the JT-60SA in Japan. Other operational experiments include WEST in France and EAST in China. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) tokamak...

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