First Nations in Canada

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First Nations (French: Premières Nations) is a term used to identify Indigenous peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis. Traditionally, First Nations in Canada were peoples who lived south of the tree line, and mainly south of the Arctic Circle. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands across Canada. Roughly half are located in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia. Under federal employment equity law, First Nations are a "designated group", along with women, visible minorities, and people with physical or mental disabilities. First Nations are not included in the Statistics Canada visible minority category, as there is a separate category for First Nations, Metis and Inuit. North American Indigenous peoples have cultures spanning thousands of years. Many of their oral traditions accurately describe historical events, such as the Cascadia earthquake of 1700 and the 18th-century Tseax Cone eruption. Written records began with the arrival of European explorers...

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