Neurodevelopmental disorder

Uncommon card · No. 108391

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a diverse group of complex psychiatric conditions caused by the abnormal, or disrupted development of the brain, or by injury or infection during early childhood. These conditions generally appear in early childhood, usually pre-school age, and can persist into adulthood. NDDs are different from neurocognitive disorders that are acquired and not developmental. Neurodevelopmental disorders are categorized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) into six groups: intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, motor disorders, and specific learning disorders. The international classification of diseases ICD-11 published by the World Health Organization (WHO), includes NDDs in the general heading of Mental, behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorders, and lists them in seven groupings. A factsheet on Mental disorders (2025) published by WHO...

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