Kepler's equation

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In orbital mechanics, Kepler's equation relates various geometric properties of the orbit of a body subject to a central force. It was derived by Johannes Kepler in 1609 in Chapter 60 of his Astronomia nova, and in book V of his Epitome of Copernican Astronomy (1621) Kepler proposed an iterative solution to the equation. This equation and its solution, however, first appeared in a 9th-century work by Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi, which dealt with problems of parallax. The equation has played an important role in the history of both physics and mathematics, particularly classical celestial mechanics.

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