Common
Foreign trade of India
Foreign trade in India includes all imports and exports to and from India. At the central government level, trade is administered by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Foreign trade accounted for 46% of India's GDP in 2025. India is a net exporter of services and a net importer of merchandise. In 2025, the World Bank noted that the Indian economy is less open to trade now, than in the previous decade. Until independence from the British in 1947, the government of India maintained semi-autonomous diplomatic relations and was a founding member of both the League of Nations and the United Nations. After independence, India joined the Commonwealth of Nations and adopted a foreign policy of non-alignment during the Cold War, while developing close economic ties with the Soviet Union. The country also followed Soviet-style economic policies and chose to remain largely closed to international trade until economic liberalisation, following a balance-of-payments crisis in July 1991. Before...
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