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Communism in Russia
Communism in Russia encompasses communist ideology, the communist movement and communist parties in Russia, including the rule of the Communist Party from late 1917 to 1991. Although the Soviet Union is often called a communist state, its leadership never claimed to have achieved communism: the ruling party described the Soviet system as socialist and regarded communism, a classless society in which the state would have withered away, as a later stage of development. The 1961 Party Programme proclaimed that "the present generation of Soviet people shall live in communism", and the 1977 Constitution stated that "a developed socialist society has been built" and called it "a natural, logical stage on the road to communism". The February Revolution of 1917 led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II after significant pressure from the Duma and the military. After the abdication, Russia was governed by a provisional government composed of remnants of the dissolved Duma and the soviets—workers...
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