Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Common card · No. 319819

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, hef-PEF) is a form of heart failure in which the ejection fraction – the percentage of the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat divided by the volume of blood when the left ventricle is maximally filled – is normal, defined as greater than 50%; this may be measured by multiple methods such as echocardiography – commonly used – cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), which is the clinical "gold standard", nuclear scanning (MUGA), or, rarely in contemporary practice, by cardiac catheterization. Approximately half of people with heart failure have preserved ejection fraction, while the other half have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Historically, early descriptions of HFpEF were based primarily on the presence of heart failure symptoms with preserved ejection fraction, often without systematic exclusion of alternative cardiac conditions. Later definitions have emphasized stricter diagnostic...

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