Coahuiltecan

Common card · No. 261493

The Coahuiltecans were a diverse grouping of various Indigenous peoples of Aridoamerica who lived in present-day northeastern Mexico and southern Texas. They once spoke a variety of possibly unrelated languages known as the Coahuiltecan languages. The various Coahuiltecan groups were originally nomadic hunter-gatherers. First encountered by the Spanish in the 16th century, their population declined due to Eurasian diseases and numerous small-scale wars fought against the Spanish, Apache, and other Indigenous groups. After the Texas secession from Mexico, Coahuiltecan peoples were largely forced into severe living conditions. In 1886, ethnologist Albert Gatschet found the last known survivors of Coahuiltecan bands: 25 Comecrudo, one Cotoname, and two Pakawa, living near Reynosa, Mexico. The Coahuiltecans lived in the flat, brushy, dry country of northern Mexico and southern Texas, roughly south of a line from the Gulf Coast at the mouth of the Guadalupe River to San Antonio and westward...

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