Japanese Communist Party

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The Japanese Communist Party (日本共産党, Nihon Kyōsan-tō; abbr. JCP) is a major political party in Japan. Founded in 1922, it is the oldest active political party in the country. It had 250,000 members as of January 2024, making it one of the largest non-governing communist parties in the world. The party is chaired by Tomoko Tamura, who replaced longtime leader Kazuo Shii in January 2024. The JCP, founded in 1922 in consultation with the Comintern, was deemed illegal in 1925 and repressed for the next 20 years, while continuing its activities underground. After World War II, the party was legalized in 1945 by the Allied occupation authorities, but its unexpected success in the 1949 Japanese general election led to the "Red Purge", in which tens of thousands of actual and suspected communists, along with their sympathizers, were fired from their jobs in government, education, and industry. The Soviet Union encouraged the JCP to respond with a violent revolution, and the resulting internal debate...

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