Morality

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Morality is a phenomenon among social animals, including humans, through which communities and individuals evaluate actions, character, and social arrangements. It often refers to a set of standards, doctrines, or systems of conduct that evaluate actions and character traits using criteria that vary across individuals, societies, social classes, public opinion, religions, cultures, customs, and traditions. These evaluations often include rightness or wrongness, virtues or vices, honesty or cruelty, honor or disgrace, community harmony, purity, reciprocity, shame, the influence of a person's inner beliefs, and propriety or impropriety of relationships between oneself and others. Morality involves evaluative judgments about agents and actions and assessments of actions as moral or immoral behavior. Cross-species and cross-cultural research suggests that attention to moral sentiments exists in all human societies, and that moral sentiments are part of cultural universals. Some studies further...

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