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History of the People's Republic of China
On 1 October 1949 CCP chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China (PRC) from atop Tiananmen, after a near complete victory (1949) by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War. The PRC is the most recent political entity to govern mainland China, preceded by the Republic of China (ROC; 1912–1949) and thousands of years of monarchical dynasties. The paramount leaders have been Mao Zedong (1949–1976); Hua Guofeng (1976–1978); Deng Xiaoping (1978–1989); Jiang Zemin (1989–2002); Hu Jintao (2002–2012); and Xi Jinping (2012 to present). The origins of the People's Republic can be traced to the Chinese Soviet Republic proclaimed in 1931, with the backing of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which included the Jiangxi and Yan'an Soviets, in the midst of the Chinese Civil War against the Nationalist government only to dissolve in 1937. By 1949, the CCP took control of most of mainland China, and the ROC government retreated offshore to Taiwan. In 1950, the...
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