Qira'at

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In Islam, qirāʼa (pl. qirāʼāt; Arabic: قراءات, 'recitations' / 'readings') refers to the ways or fashions that the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is recited. More technically, the term designates the different linguistic, lexical, phonetic, morphological and syntactical forms permitted with reciting the Quran. Differences between qiraʼat include varying rules regarding the prolongation, intonation, and pronunciation of words, but also differences in stops, vowels, consonants (leading to different pronouns and verb forms), entire words and even different meanings. However, the variations do not change the overall message or doctrinal meanings of the Quran, as the differences are often subtle and contextually equivalent. Qiraʼat also refers to the branch of Islamic studies that deals with these modes of recitation. Qiraʼat should not be confused with tajwid—the rules of pronunciation, intonation, and caesuras of the Quran. Each qira'a has its own tajwid. Qiraʼat are called readings or recitations...

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