Utopian and dystopian fiction

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Utopian and dystopian fiction are subgenres of speculative fiction that explore extreme forms of social and political structures. A utopia is a setting that agrees with the author's ethos, having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers. A dystopia offers the opposite: the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author's ethos. Some novels depict both types of society to more directly contrast their properties. Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction and other types of speculative fiction. Utopian literature is of two basic types. Some describe imagined societies of the future to be desired or simply predicted. Others propose immediate practical action by envisioning the founding of new communities of an "ideal" character. These might be said to describe community projects and their sentiment overlaps with those of the garden city or New Towns movements. More than 400 utopian works in the English language were published...

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