Diabetes insipidus
Condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst
Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. The amount of urine produced can be nearly twenty liters (5.3 U.S. gal) per day. Reduction of fluid has little effect on the concentration of the urine. Complications may include dehydration or seizures. There are four types of DI, each with a different set of causes. Central DI (CDI), now known as arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), is due to a lack of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) production. This can be due to injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland or due to genetics. Nephrogenic DI (NDI), also known as arginine vasopressin resistance (AVP-R), occurs when the kidneys do not respond properly to vasopressin. Dipsogenic DI is a result of excessive fluid intake due to damage to the hypothalamic thirst mechanism. It occurs more often in those with certain psychiatric disorders or on certain medications. Gestational DI occurs only during pregnancy. Treatment involves...
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