Sahwa movement

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Sahwa movement (Arabic: الصحوة, romanized: al-Ṣaḥwa) or al-Sahwa al-Islamiyya (Islamic Awakening) is a religious political movement in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries (notably Kuwait and Qatar), which started in the 1960s and reached its apogee in the 1980s. It advocated for an increased reliance on Wahhabi principles in Saudi society by adopting Qutbism. The movement has had an ambivalent relationship with the Saudi authorities, receiving quasi-official sponsorship in the 80s, where it was used as a mobilization vehicle for the Soviet–Afghan War, and during the mid-2000s through mid-2010s, to periods where it was officially proscribed, such as post-1991 Gulf War and after 2015, with many of its proponents either exiled or imprisoned during these periods. The most noticeable effects of the movement were significant restrictions on women's rights, religious freedom, and personal liberties. The movement's core doctrines were shaped by the fundamentalist tenets of Qutbism; such as theological...

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