Tibet under Qing rule

Common card · No. 269293

The Qing dynasty, led by the Manchus, ruled Tibet from 1720 to 1912. The Qing called Tibet a fanbu, fanbang or fanshu, which has usually been translated as "vassal", "vassal state", or "borderlands", along with many of its other Inner Asian territories. Like the earlier Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, the Qing dynasty exerted military and administrative control over Tibet while granting it a degree of political autonomy. The extent of its control over the region has been the subject of political debate. By 1642, Güshi Khan of the Khoshut Khanate had reunified Tibet under the spiritual and temporal authority of the 5th Dalai Lama of the Gelug school, who established a civil administration known as Ganden Phodrang. In 1653, the Dalai Lama travelled on a state visit to the Qing court, and was received in Beijing and "recognized as the spiritual authority of the Qing Empire". The Dzungar Khanate invaded Tibet in 1717 and was subsequently expelled by the Qing in 1720. The Qing emperors then appointed...

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