Sikh Confederacy

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The Sikh Confederacy was a confederation of twelve sovereign Sikh states (each known as a Misl, derived from the Arabic word مِثْل meaning 'equal'; sometimes spelt as Misal) which rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. The misls were sovereign Sikh principalities originally formulated to defend the Darbar Sahib complex of Amritsar. It was governed decentrally, being described as decentralized unity that was flexible, with no single ruler being paramount or permanent and instead collective action being used that was based upon organisational discipline and shared legitimacy.

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