Uncommon
Heritability of IQ
Relationship of IQ scores to genetic variation
Heritability of IQ
Research on the heritability of intelligence quotient (IQ) inquires into the degree of variation in IQ within a population that is associated with genetic variation between individuals in that population. There has been significant controversy in the academic community about the heritability of IQ since research on the issue began in the late nineteenth century. Intelligence in the normal range is a polygenic trait, meaning that it is influenced by more than one gene, and in the case of intelligence at least 500 genes. Further, explaining the similarity in IQ of closely related persons requires careful study because environmental factors may be correlated with genetic factors. Outside the normal range, certain single gene genetic disorders, such as phenylketonuria, can negatively affect intelligence. Estimates in the academic research of the heritability of IQ vary significantly by study and by study design. The general figure for heritability of IQ from behavioral genetic studies is about...
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