Cladogram
Diagram used to show relations among groups of organisms with common origins
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek κλάδος klados "branch" and γραμμα gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show evolutionary relations (common descent) between groups of organisms. Cladograms are a type (subset) of phylogenetic trees that do not normally show evolutionary time but are required to meet specific criteria defined by cladistics. Like other evolutionary trees, cladograms can be used to show actual, hypothesized, or even hypothetical descent. Modern cladograms are most often generated algorithmically through computational phylogenetics using genetic data, typically from DNA sequencing, as part of a molecular systematics approach. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor...
Read on Wikipedia · Image Alexei Kouprianov, CC BY-SA 3.0
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