Francis Galton

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Sir Francis Galton (; 16 February 1822 – 17 January 1911) was an English polymath active as a statistician, anthropologist, psychologist, meteorologist, explorer, and geographer who was the originator of eugenics during the Victorian era, contributing extensively to the foundations of behavioural genetics. Galton produced over 340 papers and books. He also developed the statistical concept of correlation and widely promoted regression toward the mean. He was the first to apply statistical methods to the study of human differences and inheritance of intelligence, and introduced the use of questionnaires and surveys for collecting data on human communities, which he needed for genealogical and biographical works and for his anthropometric studies. He popularised the phrase "nature versus nurture". His book Hereditary Genius (1869) was the first social scientific attempt to study genius and greatness. As an investigator of the human mind, he founded psychometrics and differential psychology...

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