Nuclear shell model

Common card · No. 321004

In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model provides a qualitatively useful model of atomic nuclei energy levels. The model combines a spherically symmetric, independent particle model with spin-orbit coupling for the nucleon energy levels with the Pauli exclusion principle to fill the levels. The first shell model was proposed by Dmitri Ivanenko (together with E. Gapon) in 1932. The model was developed in 1949 following independent work by Maria Goeppert Mayer and J. Hans D. Jensen, who received the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to this model, and Eugene Wigner, who received the Nobel Prize alongside them for his earlier foundational work on atomic nuclei. Increasingly accurate models add deformed potentials and nucleon correlation effects. The nuclear shell model is partly analogous to the atomic shell model, which describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom, in that a filled shell results in better stability. When adding...

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