Antarctic flora
Distinct community of plants which evolved on the supercontinent of Gondwana
Antarctic flora
Antarctic flora are a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana. As of 2025, species of Antarctica flora resided on several now separated areas of the Southern Hemisphere, including Patagonia, southernmost Africa, New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia and the mountains of southern Brazil. Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911) was the first to notice similarities in the flora and speculated that Antarctica had served as either a source or a transitional point, and that land masses now separated might formerly have been adjacent. Based on the similarities in their flora, botanist Ronald D'Oyley Good identified a separate Antarctic Floristic Kingdom that included Patagonia, New Zealand, and some southern island groups. In addition, Australia was determined to be its own floristic kingdom because of the influx of tropical Eurasian flora that had mostly supplanted the Antarctic flora and included New Guinea and New Caledonia in the...
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